The contrasting human gut microbiota in early and late life and implications for host health and disease

The gut microbiota plays a significant role in health and development from birth continues to affect several processes throughout life into old age. During both infancy age, the trajectory of changes with contrasting consequences at stages for host. infant is unstable, colonization influenced by variety perinatal postnatal factors. Many these factors can contribute an altered profile which be associated negative later such as allergies, obesity, neuropsychiatric disorders. late-life physiological within host, illness, diet lifestyle that impact its composition functionality. Indeed, reduced microbial diversity, loss beneficial microorganisms increased pathobionts are key signatures elderly microbiome. Such have been degenerative diseases including inflammaging, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s risk infection Clostridioides difficile. Here, we examine early- disturbances disruptions. Finally, provide compelling evidence nutritional probiotic/prebiotic interventions may help alleviate effects